Translation For Lawyers

Multilingual document translation and language interpreting plays an important role in international transactions.  In attempt to create an effective, multilateral framework of rights and obligations with respect to laws, regulations, procedures and practices regarding government procurement, as part of its Uruguay Round of talks, the World Trade Organization created an Agreement on Government Procurement (GPA). According to the agreement:

All technical specifications shall be laid out in detail, including:

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We've blogged about international translation of multilingual legal and financial documents for foreign representatives and foreign receivers in foreign insolvency proceedings provided by online professional translation services.    Although filing for insolvency is no easy task, in light of the current economic situation the number of international insolvencies has increased to such a level that demands are now being made for the establishment of an international insolvency system. Such a system would be pragmatic, efficient, predictable and in-line with national bankruptcy policies.

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Legal language services and business and corporate translation services are important not only for public companies and private corporations doing business internationally, but also for non-profit groups.  As many non-profit organizations are international in scope, many set up subsidiaries in foreign countries, thus generating an ongoing need for multilingual legal translations and multilingual corporate translations. A foreign non-profit organization may register in the United States, but must follow a specific procedure that is rather similar to registering a corporation in the U.S.  It should be noted, however, that every state has its own specific registration requirements for foreign non-profit organizations, so be sure to consult the statutes of the jurisdiction of registration.

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We've blogged about multi-language translation, e-Discovery translation and data privacy laws.  Whether in Europe or the U.S., concerns about where to draw the line between privacy and security are being hotly debated. However, there are important differences between U.S. and European privacy laws. But, as a rule of thumb, employers may properly conduct reasonable searches of employees' workplaces and monitor employees' electronic communications for legitimate business purposes.

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Earlier we blogged about professional interpreting and translation services in the context of national origin discrimination of foreign language speakers.  Foreign language translator and interpreter services also come in handy when dealing with foreign nationals in the context of national security.  A dilemma often faced by universities and major research or engineering firms is when a foreign national is hired via the proper visa and does work under the auspices of a government grant. When doing such work, specific licenses are required according to the export control regulations of the United States - often as a result of security measures taken against particular nations.

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Foreign language translation services, and namely, legal translation services, play a key role in international franchising.  One of the first things to be seen when an emerging market begins to open up is an influx of international franchising chains. This was seen in the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe and is now being seen in Central Asia. However, taking a franchise overseas involves numerous legal steps - often done in the emerging market's native language.
 

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Legal document translation, as well as business translation plays an important role each time a U.S. company's assets are sold to a foreign-owned company, while foreign language interpreters are used during all the stages of negotiations.  Such admiralty laws as the Jones Act - which puts into place strict requirements as to U.S. flag vessels being owned by a U.S. citizen - can create a significant obstacle to international trade and commerce. For example, if a foreign-based corporation buys out a U.S. company involved in shipping, the foreign company will acquire the U.S. company's assets, including its U.S. flag vessels. However, according to the Jones Act, it is illegal for the foreign company to own and operate these ships.

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Earlier we've blogged about the role of professional translation services in the global economy. As China continues to develop as a dominant international business player, it is essential for the international lawyer to understand China's antitrust review process, and the role of English-Chinese and Chinese-English legal translations in this process.

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Part of finalizing a foreign investment in the United States involves satisfying the procedures set up by the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS). Financial document translation, accounting document translation, and legal document translation of foreign language documents constitutes an important step in this process. The purpose of the CFIUS is to ensure that foreign investments do not have any national security implications.

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Earlier we've blogged about document translation in the context of foreign regulatory evidence in products liability cases and about the role of professional translating and interpreting services in enforcing U.S. judgments in Europe. As the business world becomes more and more global, there are increasing instances of conflict of law questions. Essentially, a conflict of law arises whenever a business transaction spans two different countries.

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Earlier we've blogged about corporate translation services in the context of international arbitration. Although the purpose of arbitration is to allow for the amicable resolution of business disagreements, sometimes a party will be left unsatisfied with the choice of arbitrator. Both the arbitration done under the Rules of Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) or via internal (ad hoc) rules allow for a challenge. When raising a challenge, specific requirements must be met:

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Earlier we blogged about language translation in the context of products liability claims in the presence of the English only warnings. Foreign language translation becomes even more relevant in product liability cases when the issue of foreign regulatory evidence arises in pharmaceutical lawsuits, mainly due to the international scope of pharmaceutical sales.

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With the growing economic and political strength of the European Union, more and more transatlantic business is being conducted. This leads to an increase of transatlantic business contracts. Such contracts need to be translated into the language or languages of the European country, with which the U.S. company is conducting business. And, the more international business transactions there are, the more blurred the law that governs the enforcement of contracts becomes.

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Foreign language document translation and language interpreting play an important role in the investigation and defense of money laundering cases. Money laundering occurs when an individual or organization attempts to disguise the origin of proceeds which stem from a preceding criminal act. In other words, it is the act of transferring the proceeds made from a criminal act in order to conceal their criminal origin. In the setting of international commercial arbitration, the following elements of the offense of money laundering need to be established:

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A very common occurrence in a hospital setting, particularly an emergency room, is the arrival of a non-English speaking patient. In such a situation the physician often struggles with trying to understand the symptoms and make a correct diagnosis. This becomes an issue when the patient can only communicate in a foreign language and no qualified foreign language interpreter is available. In the worst-case scenario, it becomes a medical malpractice problem.

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